Biological and Molecular Mechanisms in Progression and non-Progression of HIV Disease
Nitin K. Saksena 1, Bin Wang 1, Wayne B. Dyer 1
1 NULL
*Correspondence: Bin Wang, Email not available
Abstract
The natural history of HIV-1 infection varies considerably from one individual to another, with some individuals progressing to AIDS rapidly after primary infection, while others remain clinically asymptomatic with no evidence of immune dysfunction. Recent studies have shown that reasons for progression and nonprogression are multifactorial and may involve genetic, virological and immunological factors that influence HIV disease progression in various ways. However, it remains unclear whether a relatively benign course of HIV infection is due to viral or host factors or a combination of both. Thus, a clear understanding of host and viral factors, that determine the likelihood of infection or the rate of disease progression, could unveil the key factors that are involved in either progression or non-progression of HIV disease. Here, we have reviewed various genetic, viral and immunological factors that may cause progression and/or nonprogression of HIV disease. In addition, this review provides in detail some current hypotheses and perspectives on true non-progressive HIV disease which is a subject of intense investigation, as these individuals may provide relevant information for the development of future HIV-1 vaccines and treatments.
