Mitochondrial Toxicity of Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Trancriptase Inhibitors: Lactic Acidosis, Risk Factors and Therapeutic Options
Mitochondrial Toxicity of Nucleoside Analogue Reverse Trancriptase Inhibitors: Lactic Acidosis, Risk Factors and Therapeutic Options
Kees Brinkman 1, Hadewych J.M. ter Hofstede 1
1 NULL
*Correspondence: Hadewych J.M. ter Hofstede, Email not available
Abstract
Nucleoside analogue reverse trancriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) inhibit also the function of DNA polymerase g, the only enzyme responsible for the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The resulting mitochondrial dysfunction leads to similar clinical features as can be observed in inherited mitochondrial diseases. The most threatening event is (fatal) lactic acidosis, which will be discussed in more detail. In this review we analyse the possible risk factors for the development of NRTI-related mitochondrial dysfunction and consider possibilities for therapeutic and preventive treatment.
Keywords: Nucleoside analogue reverse trancriptase inhibitors. NRTIs. Adverse effects. DNA polymerase gamma. Mitochondrial toxicity. Lactic acidosis. Risk factors. Treatment.
